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Why Misoprostol (Cytotec) abortion pills?

MTP kit (Misoprostol+Mifepristone)
MTP kit (Misoprostol + Mifepristone)

The set is a combination of two medicines especially used for medical abortion (termination of pregnancy)

Currently exist 3 methods of medication abortion, used for pregnancy termination with gestational ages up to 36 weeks:

1) Misoprostol alone
2) Mifepristone and Misoprostol
3) Methotrexate and Misoprostol

This page give you basic understanding of abortion drugs and you will see the difference between these three methods.

Before all, as you can see, all three methods include medicine named
Misoprostol. Formally, in the United States Misoprostol is a
FDA-approved drug for the prevention gastric ulcers. The Misoprostol is
widely approved medicine and well know worldwide. Misoprostol was
develop and marketed by G.D. Searle & Company (now Pfizer) under the
trade name Cytotec. Currently many countries around the world have
available Cytotec under other brand names.

Exist off-label use
of Misoprostol (Cytotec) that widely used abortifacient (medication
abortion) to induce labor. Some countries already approve Misoprostol
exactly as abortion medicine. Misoprostol act to cause labor induction
by promoting uterine contractions and effacement (thinning) of the
cervix. Misoprostol today is considered to be the most affordable
solution than any other abortion pills.

How abortion pills to work

Each medication abortion drug has a unique mechanism of action.

Mifepristone acting as antiprogestogen, work with receptor to block
progesterone hormone. Progesterone hormone is necessary for maintenance
of pregnancy. Mifepristone is also softens and dilates the cervix that
causes placental detachment. In addition, Mifepristone increase uterine
contractions.

Methotrexate blocks a specific enzyme with result of inhibiting the growth of placental cells.

Both these drugs (mifespristone and methotrexate) are used with a
prostaglandin drug Misoprostol that caused medication abortion and help
Misoprostol in his action. Misoprostol works by softening and dilating
the cervix, with results of strong uterine contractions. These
contractions cause expulsion of the embryo from uterus.

Use
Misoprostol alone as abortion medication begin from the 1970s. Alone,
Misoprostol has a some higher rate of unsuccessful abortion than
combination Misoprostol with Mifepristone or Methotrexate.

Detailed description how Misoprostol (Cytotec) to work can be found here.

Below you can find pro and contra for each three methods of medication abortion that help to compare it at a glance.
Misoprostol and Mifepristone combination

Mifepristone is used
as an abortifacient (induces abortion) medicine for the first 2 months
of pregnancy. In smaller doses Mifepristone used as an emergency
contraceptive. Mifepristone also used as a treatment for obstetric
bleeding. Mifepristone was created by Roussel Uclaf company under name
RU-486 and was initially made available in France.

Currently
Mifepristone is marketed and distributed by Exelgyn Laboratories under
the tradename Mifegyne for France and countries other than the United
States. In the United States Mifepristone sold by Danco Laboratories
under the tradename Mifeprex. No matter how Mifepristone named as brand
name, this drug is still commonly referred under "RU-486" name.

Mifepristone is taken orally and blocks the action of progesterone with
such results as thinning of uteral lining, pregnancy detachment,
cervical dilation and softening, uterine contractions. Subsequent use of
Misoprostol (orally or vaginally) have results in contractions of
uterine and expulsion of the products of conception.
Misoprostol and Mifepristone combination - Pro and Contra

No need surgical intervention

"Private use"

Can be used in early pregnancy

Result like "natural miscarriage"
Enough high success rate (95%)

No need to have anesthesia

Requires at least 2 visits to clinic

The clinic will cost you money for consultation and diagnostic

Mifepristone is not available in most countries and hard to obtained

Mifepristone is expensive medicine

Abortion process is longer than Misoprostol alone case

Misoprostol and Methotrexate combination

Methotrexate is inhibitor for enzyme caused block DNA synthesis.
Methotrexate often use with the implantation process and given by
injection or taken orally. Currently Methotrexate often is use as a
treatment for some autoimmune diseases.
Methotrexate (formerly known as amethopterin) is drug used in treatment
of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Methotrexate acts by inhibiting the
metabolism of folic acid. Methotrexate was originally used to treat many
kinds of cancers as part of combination chemotherapy regimens, and is
still the mainstay for the treatment of many disorders including acute
lymphoblastic leukemia.

Off-label use of Methotrexate (in
combination with Misoprostol) is termination early pregnancies,
particularly ectopic pregnancies. In case of early missed miscarriage
(particularly a blighted ovum), in which fetal demise has occurred but
the body has not expelled the fetus, Methotrexate used to help the body
begin the miscarriage process.
Misoprostol and Methotrexate combination - Pro and Contra

No need surgical intervention

"Private use"

Can be used in early pregnancy

Result like "natural miscarriage"

Enough high success rate (95%)

No need to have anesthesia

Requires at least 2 visits to clinic
The clinic will cost you money for consultation and diagnostic

Mifepristone is not available in most countries and hard to obtained

Mifepristone is expensive medicine

Abortion process is longer than Misoprostol alone case

Efficacy decreases at later gestational ages

Misoprostol alone

Common use of Misoprostol as abortion medication is serial
administration (orally or vaginally), with results in uterine
contractions and expulsion of the products of conception.

Misoprostol is a FDA-approved drug and used in the United States for the
prevention of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory gastric ulcers. Limited
number of countries is approve Misoprostol for use as an abortifacient
medication. Misoprostol marketed by G.D. Searle & Company (now
Pfizer) under the trade name Cytotec.

Misoprostol is widely
produced and many formulations are now available. Currently other brand
names of Cytotec are: Arthrotec, Citotec, Cyprostol, Gymiso, Misotrol,
Mibetec, Oxaprost, Prostokos and few other. Sometimes Misoprostol is
available over the counter without a prescription. Sometimes a prescription is asked.

Misoprostol is
cheap and easy to administer, is available in many countries. Many
studies show the Misoprostol range of efficacy is up to 93% depending on
sample size, gestational age, use (orally or vaginally), and few other
conditions. Commonly, Misoprostol alone may be more effective in earlier
gestation, and combinations Misoprostol with Methotrexate or
Mifepristone to help increase success rate a bit.

Advantages
described above make Misoprostol affordable medication abortion
solution, particularly in developing countries. Misoprostol, used alone,
has a bit lower efficacy rate than combined regimens.

Misoprostol alone - Pro and Contra

No need surgical intervention

"Private use"

Can be obtained enough easy, sometimes without prescription

Available in many countries as well in online pharmacies

Relatively cheap

Can be used in early pregnancy

Result like "natural miscarriage"

No need to have anesthesia
No requires visits to clinic thus no need pay for consultation and diagnostic

Success rate up to 93% that is a bit low than combination use

Success rate is variable

Regimen of use is still under investigation (currently)

Success depend on regimen